Wasit University Thesis Repository

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• Thesis 2026

  Women's Role in Pre-Islamic Arabia until the End of the Umayyad Era (132 AH/749 CE)

  عناد, اجوان سعيد مطشر

  ؛

  أ.د سوسن فاضل كاظم الدريساوي

  Wasit University

  This study examines the role of women who had multiple husbands, from the pre-Islamic era to the end of the Umayyad period. It is a historical study that reveals the impact of women who had multiple husbands on society. The study aims to clarify the concept of "multiple husbands" and trace their roles in historical sources, genealogies, and literature. It also identifies prominent female figures known for having multiple husbands throughout history, beginning before the advent of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), through the early Islamic period, and the Rashidun and Umayyad eras. The study is divided into four chapters, preceded by an introduction that clarifies the historical roots of the phenomenon of women accompanying their husbands in pre-Islamic civilizations, nations, and religions. The first chapter defines women accompanying their husbands, both linguistically and technically, and explains the main reasons that led women to accompany their husbands. The second chapter clarifies the political role of women accompanying their husbands, specifically their participation in supporting the Islamic call and pledging allegiance to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), as well as their indirect participation in securing pledges of allegiance to the caliphs of the Rashidun and Umayyad eras. The third chapter discusses the most prominent contributions of women in the military sphere through their presence on the battlefields, serving as a primary motivator for the fighters' valor. Women's support was not limited to moral support; they also actively participated in combat when necessary. The fourth chapter explains the social roles that women accompanying their husbands played in public life. The study concludes with its most important findings and some recommendations related to the topic. The study concluded that the practice of marrying a woman through marriage was known in pre-Islamic Arab society and continued into the Islamic era. It was often a result of social and natural circumstances such as widowhood or divorce, and was not considered a frowned-upon phenomenon at the time. However, it gradually declined over time due to several developments in Arab society, most notably the Arabs' increased exposure to other cultures and civilizations, which negatively impacted society in general. The study also showed that women who married through marriage contributed to strengthening tribal, political, and social ties through these marital bonds. This interaction led to mutual influence among various segments of Arab society. Furthermore, the study shed light on many aspects of social life, particularly in the early Islamic period, which represented the peak of the radical transformations Islam brought to Arab society. The study also focused on the role of women in raising their children and their distinguished role in spreading Islam and its teachings. Numerous examples of women who married through marriage during the Islamic era served Islam significantly. The study concluded that the stories of women who had multiple husbands represent important historical and social material for studying the family and the role of women in Islamic history. These stories reveal the nature of social relations and the status of women in different historical periods. The study of women who had multiple husbands can be considered not only a historical topic, but also one with analytical value that can be linked to contemporary reality. Understanding the social reality of women who had multiple husbands helps in re-evaluating the concept of polygamy for women, especially since most contemporary studies view second or third marriages negatively or with social sensitivity. History shows that a woman having multiple husbands was a means of stability for the woman, the family, and society. This contributes to correcting some stereotypes in Arab society, opening a way to understand how modern societies deal with similar situations in terms of social, psychological, and economic support for women

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• Thesis 2026

  Emotional Regulation and its Relationship with Digital Stress among University Students

  الركابي, محمد الباقر أكرم سعود

  ؛

  الأستاذ الدكتور عدنـــان مــارد جبــــر

  Wasit University

  University education is witnessing a widespread integration of technology into students' lives, which has provided significant opportunities for learning but, at the same time, generated new challenges highlighted by digital stress resulting from the excessive use of smart devices and the accompanying fatigue, anxiety, and poor concentration. This variable is considered important as it directly affects the other variable, emotional regulation, which represents a fundamental indicator of the student's competence and educational effectiveness. Accordingly, this study aims to explore the nature of the relationship between emotional regulation and digital stress among university students, contributing to providing recommendations that assist in the balanced use of technology and the enhancement of mental health and academic performance. Thus, the current research aims to identify: First: The degree of emotional regulation among university students. Second: The degree of digital stress among university students. Third: The relationship between emotional regulation and digital stress among university students. Fourth: The differences in the relationship between emotional regulation and digital stress among university students according to the variables of gender (male - female) and specialization (scientific - humanities). The research is limited to undergraduate students at Sumer University from both genders (males, females) and specializations (scientific, humanities) for the academic year (2025/2026). To achieve the research objectives, the researcher used the descriptive correlational approach to explore emotional regulation and its relationship with digital stress. The researcher adopted the Emotional Regulation Scale for university students prepared by (Al-Waeli, 2019) based on the model of (Gross, 2003), which consisted of (28) items in its final form, distributed across two domains: (Cognitive Reappraisal and Expressive Suppression). The researcher also adopted the Digital Stress Scale prepared by (Steele et al., 2021). After verifying the translation validity procedures, the scale consisted of (24) items distributed across five domains: (Availability Stress, Approval Anxiety, Fear of Missing Out, Connection Overload, and Online Vigilance). After verifying the validity of the items for both scales, they were applied to the statistical analysis sample to extract their psychometric properties and statistically analyze their items. To analyze the data of the current research, the researcher used a set of appropriate statistical methods, including (One-Sample t-test, Independent Samples t-test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Cronbach's Alpha, Z-test, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis). The researcher reached the following results: University students possess a high level of emotional regulation. Digital stress among university students is low. There is an inverse relationship between emotional regulation and digital stress. There are no significant differences in the correlational relationship between the research variables (emotional regulation and digital stress) attributed to the demographic variables of gender (males - females) and specialization (scientific, humanities). Based on the results of the current research, the researcher put forward a number of recommendations and suggestions, which will be mentioned in the fourth chapter.

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• Thesis 2026

  The Media and Political Documentation of the Algerian Revolution's Support Role by Iraq 1954-1962

  الهليجي, أحمد عزيز فريح

  ؛

  أ‌.د. رحيم كاظم محمد الهاشمي

  Wasit University

  The Algerian Revolution 1954–1962 is regarded as one of the most prominent national liberation movements in modern history. It marked a decisive turning point in the struggle of the Arab and African peoples for independence and attracted considerable Arab and international attention due to its political, nationalist, and humanitarian dimensions. Within this context, Iraq emerged as one of the Arab countries that adopted a supportive stance toward the Algerian Revolution at both the official and popular levels. This study was motivated by the observation that Algerian sources devoted considerable attention to documenting Iraq’s support for the Revolution through official documents, newspapers, periodicals, memoirs of revolutionary leaders, and Algerian historical studies. In contrast, Iraqi scholarship has paid relatively limited attention to this subject from the perspective of Algerian documentation. Most Iraqi studies have focused primarily on describing the various forms of Iraqi support without examining how this support was reflected in Algerian sources or assessing the extent to which Algerian political and media elites recognized its significance and impact on the course of the Revolution. The study demonstrates that Algerian documentation of Iraq’s supportive role was not merely confined to reporting official statements issued by successive Iraqi governments. Rather, it formed part of a broader political and media vision aimed at expanding Arab support for the Algerian Revolution, strengthening the Algerian people's confidence in the justice of their cause, and presenting the Revolution as an Arab and international issue rather than a purely domestic struggle. This was clearly reflected in Algerian newspapers and political sources published during the Revolution, as well as in post-independence publications, historical journals, and scholarly periodicals that documented the history of the national liberation struggle. These sources devoted considerable attention to recording Iraq's political positions in support of the Revolution and reporting the political and media activities undertaken in Iraq in support of the National Liberation Front (FLN). Algerian documents and memoirs further reveal that Iraq occupied a recurring position in the political discourse of the leaders of the Algerian Revolution, particularly in discussions concerning Arab support for Algeria's independence. This reflects the prominent place Iraq held in Algeria's political memory during the years of the liberation struggle. The study also concludes that Algerian political and media discourse paid particular attention to documenting the initiatives undertaken by Iraqi cultural institutions, professional associations, student organizations, and civil society groups. These institutions played an important role in promoting the Algerian cause, organizing solidarity campaigns and fundraising activities, and holding seminars and public events in support of the Revolution. Algerian newspapers portrayed these activities as compelling evidence of the profound solidarity demonstrated by the Iraqi people toward the Algerian cause. Furthermore, the analysis of Algerian sources reveals a particular interest in Iraqi personalities whose positions were closely associated with supporting the Algerian Revolution. Frequent references were made to Iraqi officials, politicians, intellectuals, and media figures who, to varying degrees, contributed to defending the Algerian cause both within Iraq and abroad. The objective of this documentation was not merely to record their names, but rather to highlight the nature and significance of the roles they played in supporting the Algerian struggle for independence.

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• Thesis 2026

  Pragma-Semiotic Study of Sustainability Narratives in Western and Arab Selected Media

  -Alousi, Khalida Ismail Mahmood Al

  ؛

  Prof. Fida Muhsin Almawla (PhD)

  Wasit University

  This study examines how environmental sustainability narratives are pragma-semiotically constructed in Western and Arab digital media, where meaning is built through the interaction of image and language. Although environmental facts are universal, their persuasive framing is culturally specific, and prior research has treated the textual and visual dimensions of environmental discourse separately, leaving a gap in integrated comparative accounts. The study therefore pursues five objectives: identifying the semiotic and visual strategies of environmental media posts; investigating their persuasive pragmatic strategies; analysing how environmental problems are ideologically framed; examining how image and text jointly construct sustainability messages; and identifying the similarities and differences between the two discourses, particularly in individualistic and collectivistic orientations. To this end, it develops an eclectic model, situated within Multimodal Critical Discourse Studies, that operates on three levels: semiotic, based on Kress and van Leeuwen’s (2006) visual grammar; pragmatic, based on Searle’s (1969) assertive and directive speech acts and Cap’s (2013) proximisation theory; and framing, based on Entman’s (1993) four framing functions, through which each sample’s dominant Core Green Frame is identified. The model is applied to a purposive corpus of 20 multimodal samples (ten Western and ten Arab) drawn from institutional and news platforms, and the qualitative analysis is supported by descriptive frequency analysis. Findings show that Western discourse leans towards individualism and activism and makes greater use of demand images, whereas Arab discourse leans towards collectivism, state mediation, and infrastructural imagery; proximisation strategies occur in both corpora but are realised differently.

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• Thesis 2026

  Flattery Toward Authority in the Ayyubid State (567–648 AH)

  الشبلاويّ, تبارك عطا سفيح

  ؛

  الأستاذ الدكتور فاضل جابر ضاحي

  Wasit University

  was not merely an isolated individual behavior; rather, it constituted a clear phenomenon closely linked to the nature of the relationship between political authority and elite groups. 2. The introductory chapter clarified that although the linguistic origin of the concept of flattery denotes “closeness,” its historical usage became largely associated with excessive praise and the distortion of reality in pursuit of personal interests. 3. Qur’ anic texts and the Prophetic Sunnah emphasized the rejection of blameworthy flattery because of its tendency to compromise truth, weaken justice, and undermine religious values. 4. The study demonstrated that the political factor—particularly the conflicts that erupted within the Ayyubid household after the era of Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi—was among the most significant causes behind the spread of this phenomenon. That period witnessed shifting alliances in which familial bonds lost their stability, as brothers allied against brothers and uncles against their nephews. Rivalries became a destructive force that exhausted kingdoms and depleted their resources. Amid such instability, court circles exploited their relationships and roles within this atmosphere of conflict, with each faction striving to secure its own interests by taking advantage of unstable loyalties and the ever-changing nature of political authority. 5. The study proved that the economic factor played a significant role, as appointments and financial grants were tied to the approval of the sultans, prompting many individuals to resort to flattery in pursuit of favor and privilege. 6. Flattery was not confined to a single social group; rather, it permeated all aspects of life during the Ayyubid era, extending even into the circles of judges and the pulpits of jurists—groups that were expected to uphold truth and represent the highest standards of integrity and courage in proclaiming honesty. 7. The study revealed that historians were not always impartial; some were influenced by the prevailing political context, as reflected in the writings of figures such as Ibn Shaddad and Al-Isfahani. Their works displayed clear tendencies toward flattery in their portrayal of sultans and rulers. This tendency appeared particularly in the composition of “Sīrat al-Salāṭīn” (Biographies of Sultans), which were characterized by selective presentation focused exclusively on the virtues and achievements of rulers while systematically overlooking their shortcomings and failures. This glorifying approach was further reinforced through the practice of dedicating historical works to rulers in pursuit of patronage and favor. 8. The study demonstrated that poets represented one of the clearest manifestations of flattery, as poetry became a means of gaining proximity to sultans and princes through exaggerated praise. Recommendations 1. The study recommends the necessity of re-examining Ayyubid sources through a critical approach that takes into account the circumstances surrounding the production of historical texts and the motives behind them, rather than accepting their contents uncritically and without careful analysis. 2. The study further proposes conducting comparative historical and analytical studies between flattery in the Ayyubid state and other Islamic eras in order to identify aspects of continuity and transformation within this phenomenon.

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